Our blog opens with a critical reflection on the technique through the voices of philosophers, in a journey from Greece to the contemporary. At the end of this presentation are all invited to a banquet "From Trimalchio," where, between courses and the other, each one of you is invited to express their views regarding this matter. The provocation for the guests by a mysterious tutor enthusiast ;-) aperitif is as follows: "The Machine Is Us / ing Us":
FORM: "PHENOMENOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGY: INSTRUMENT A HORIZON "
Discipline: Philosophy
Target: Class III Liceo classico
Target
1) stimulus for critical reflection on the technique that represents a decisive event of our lives: we still think the technique as a tool while it has become the ultimate horizon of human environment.
2) reflect genealogical perspective through a variety of textual suggestions: the ability to analyze the same concept using the conceptual apparatus specific to each author, managing to create a dialogue between different perspectives and where you can develop a personal and critical thinking.
3) capacity to contextualize their subject matter in the overall thinking of the authors discussed.
4) competence in being able to extend and generalize this issue to other philosophical disciplines. Shaping the technique as a horizon of 'being there "to grasp the impact that it causes in the various fields of human knowledge and action: ethics with special reference to bioethics in scientific thought, with reference to globalization in politics, art, religion, mass culture and multimedia.
5) Making classical culture gained during the five years making it alive in its role as interpreter of contemporary life.
Tools:
selected passages of these texts (the possibility of reading of original texts on the basis of the languages \u200b\u200bstudied by the students and in collaboration with the Greek professor of the opportunity to translate a few steps).
Homer Iliad, Book XIII, vv. 730-734, Einaudi, Torino 1982
Hesiod, Theogony , Works and Days, vv. 519-524, in Works , Utet, Torino1977
Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound , UTET, Torino, 1977.
Heraclitus The Presocratics. Testimonials and fragments , fr. 30, Laterza, Bari 1983.
Plato Politico, in All written Rusconi, Milano 1992
Aristotle Metaphysics, Book I, 981b, 17-23 in Opere, Laterza, Bari 1973
Aristotle Physics, Book II, 193 to, 1-4 , in Opere, Laterza, Bari 1973
Bible, Genesis , 1, 1 - 5
Descartes Discourse on Method, in Philosophical Works , Part V, p.318, La Terza, Bari
Kant Critique of Pure Reason, Preface to the Second Edition, p.21, Adelphi, Milan 1989
Marx, Capital, Book I, Chapter I, pp.104-105
Nietzsche, The Gay Science , aphorism 125, p.162, Adelphi, Milano 2001
Heidegger, The question of technique, in Essays and speeches, p.11
Recommended reading for further study:
Umberto Galimberti, Psyche and techne - man age of technology, Feltrinelli, Milano 1999. Emanuele Severino, Yoke-The Origins of reason: Aeschylus , Adelphi, Milano 1989.
STRUCTURE OF THE FORM
1. The greek world
Topics
Homer and Hesiod: In mythic vision of the world belongs to the technique of which, as Homer tells us from time to time make a gift to individuals or entire communities.
Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound: Prometheus knows the fate of mortals and therefore together with technology brings a gift to men a drug without which any project terminates "I stopped the men to see their fate mortals "give hope to survive. The blind hopes and fire are closely related to each are the conditions for the use of others and their connection is the set of techniques that allow people to have access to the nature and thus bring the height of Zeus.
Ambivalence technical autonomy: leave the marks of the source of human knowledge that arises as technical knowledge. But what is also clear because the action chain technique gives the illusion of being able to dissolve the bonds of human action by Ananke.
With the divorce of men from the gods, which begins with human history, men have only technical knowledge of that which is only instrumental and unable to elect purposes.
The fault lies in not of Prometheus stole fire from the gods but in having assumed the viability of these techniques for the conduct of human life.
Plato technical and political the hierarchy of technical and policy as technical director. The techniques do not guarantee the survival of humans if they are not governed by basilika Tèchne Plato, Political , 311 bc
Aristotle The reliance on technology is limited to the satisfaction of needs and basic needs of life that is not satisfied does not provide access to contemplation. Primacy of theory over prassi.Quando technique has fulfilled its task, which is to liberate humanity from want and from basic necessities of life, man has access to contemplation.
2. The Bible and the modern world as the primacy of the will
creation ex nihilo biblical religion leads to a rift with the greek world. The latter is designed for nature, as stated in the Fragment 30 of Heraclitus and Aristotle in Physics, not as a creation of God or by man, but in itself eternal without beginning or end, is itself the divine and the whole. This concept excludes the question of the origin of nature.
Bible, Genesis , 1, 1-5: "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth ...." The world as a result the will of God raised from nothing and is intended to nothing, the world has no meaning in itself, but for which man was created.
Secularization of Christian eschatology: Bacon and registration of the scientific project horizon technological Christian. Man has the task of dominating nature of pride sterile rejection of theoretical thinking of Plato and Aristotle. Inauguration of the modern age: the modern science makes the view to making manipulative. ( Scire propter potentiam ).
Descartes and Galileo: Descartes thought of man as maitre du monde et posseseur . Galilei (The Assayer): nature is written in mathematical characters. Establishment of subjectivity, man as metron in the sense that measures the project by virtue of mathematical knowledge: reducibility of nature in mathematical scheme earlier considered only appropriate to its domain. Takes over the speech revealed the scientific discourse, the power of God the power of subjectivity undisputed foundation of truth. This address is consistently developed from around the rationalism to designate a with Spinoza Ethica Demonstrate geometric order , ma anche nel pensiero empirista l’esperienza sensibile ha valore solo se interpretata alla luce della ragione matematica.
Kant: la matematica con Kant diventa l’ordine che l’uomo assegna alla natura costringendola a rispondere alle ipotesi su di essa anticipate: la ragione si presenta in qualità non di scolaro che venga istruito dalla natura ma di giudice che costringe i testimoni a rispondere alle domande che le rivolge (Kant, Critica dela ragion pura, Prefazione alla seconda edizione p19).
Topics
Marx and the announcement of the reversal of the media in order: the technique as a tool as a means of tipping the service of man in order decreed the demise of the regnum hominis and reveals itself as absolute horizon.
Nietzsche: nihilism and the will to power
Heidegger: the revealing of modern technology as pro-vocation, which by nature demands that it provides energy that can be extracted and stored. The old challenge to work with nature, that nature is like a modern funds available.
horizon opened up by technology, the man lost his dominion, and is im-bent as Heidegger says: be-stellt the same way you would use the forces of nature. The technical nature of man as a mediator becomes the horizon within which man and nature are prepared by the technical capabilities required to promote. (The question of technical p.13).
Modern technology such as what reveals the availability and use of all things, is not a purely human work: the 'man causes in nature as it is caused by the technique.
Technique and nihilism: discussion open to liberal ideas of the students: the technique is the last word on the man? It defines its essence as deep as wants Galimberti? E 'unthinkable a horizon beyond technique?
movie "Modern Times" by Charlie Chaplin
Articles and sites of interest
Science and technology, the means to an end Lelio De Michelis
When the technique is supreme poetry Umberto Galimberti
will lead the world in the technique of Alessandro Zarzana
